The Vauxhall car company uses Falkes' griffin device for its own logo. Meanwhile, the Russian term for a mainline rail station is pronounced vokzal, and may well have a connection to the London area. In Anglo Saxon and early Norman times, the area was known as Torneia or Thorney Island, for an islet of that character, upon which the abbey and Palace of Westminster are built.
Hungerford's one of those names that's all but vanished from the map, but it was once a well known market where Charing Cross station now stands a small echo of market stalls can still sometimes be found hidden away at the raised level between the station concourse and the pedestrian bridges. The market got its name from Hungerford House, which occupied the site until its destruction by fire in The Golden Jubilee Footbridges were appended in the 21st century to celebrate Queen Elizabeth II's 50th year in the same job imagine the redundancy package she must be entitled to by now.
The span opened two years later as the slightly snappier Waterloo Bridge. The Belgian place name Waterloo translates roughly as 'wet clearing in the forest'. The two bridges are named for a priory of the Dominican order, established at the foot of Ludgate Hill in Dominican friars traditionally wore black garments, and hence their hangout became known as Black Freres black brothers and later Blackfriars.
These are therefore the only bridges to get their names from an article of clothing. Also known as the Wobbly Bridge, thanks to a now-corrected eccentricity, the pedestrian span has a rather obvious official name, opening around the turn of the Third Millennium. Although this is one of the capital's newest bridges, plans had been kicking around since at least the s to build a crossing at this point.
This ancient part of London was settled by the Romans. Counter-intuitively, this bridge and the street that it serves have nothing to do with either religious canons or explosive cannons.
Cannon Street is, rather, a 17th century shortening of Candelwrichstrete — the street of candle makers, as first noted in The origins are still hinted at today; Cannon Street falls within the Ward of Candlewick, one of 25 ancient subdivisions of the City of London. Some form of bridge has existed on or near this site since Roman times, and for many centuries it was the only fixed crossing in the capital. Only natural, then, that it should take the name of the city it serves.
The origins of the name London itself are highly contentious, and could form the subject of a whole article. Which, handily, we've already written for you. No mystery here. McCulloch thought that he was paying for the more iconic Tower Bridge is now thought to be an urban legend. Built in , Blackfriars Bridge gained notoriety in when Vatican bank chairman Robert Calvi was found dead on it.
The first bridge built here in was made up of nine granite arches and commemorated the victory of the British, the Dutch and the Prussians at the Battle of Waterloo in Now a rail bridge, the Hungerford Bridge was also initially designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel as a footbridge. Cross the Thames at Westminster Bridge if you want to get an iconic picture of Big Ben on the north bank, or the London Eye to the south.
The bridge also features details by the same architect as the Palace of Westminster , Charles Barry. This red-and-yellow bridge designed by Sir Alexander Binnie links Pimlico on the north bank of the Thames with Vauxhall , a major south London interchange, on the south bank. In , during the construction of Chelsea Bridge , which was originally referred to as Victoria Bridge, workmen found Roman and Celtic weapons, as well as human skulls and it was thought that this might have been where Julius Caesar and his army crossed the Thames.
Albert Bridge connects Chelsea on the north bank of the Thames to Battersea on the south. It is one of only two road bridges in London never to have been replaced, but has had to be strengthened twice in order to support an increasing number of motor vehicles. Look out for the octagonal tollbooths — they're the last remaining ones in London. From Hampton Court Bridge in the west just within the Greater London boundary through to Tower Bridge there are road bridges, railway bridges and footbridges too.
Have a read through, admire the photos, then let us know which is your favourite. It is a Grade II listed concrete road bridge faced in white Portland stone and red brick to fit in with the style of Hampton Court Palace.
The London architect Sir Edwin Lutyens was involved in the design. He also designed The Cenotaph war memorial on Whitehall and was on the Imperial War Graves Commission committee who designed cemeteries and memorials to the war dead. I called this the modern bridge as there were three predecessors.
The first was a privately-owned Chinoiserie-style wooden bridge that opened in see image below. The second bridge was built in and was also wooden. And the third consisted of wrought iron lattice girders and opened in Interesting Fact: This is the only bridge in London that crosses over into another county Surrey. Info: 1. There were earlier wooden bridges with the last collapsing in due to a severe frost.
In the carriageway was widened from 25 feet to 55 feet, and the Portland stone cladding was added. It was widened again in so is now 79 feet wide. Image by rachelmatthews7 from Pixabay.
And it was constructed in to replace a cast-iron bridge designed by J E Errington in Interesting Fact: The bridge has five arches, three of which span the Thames; one arch on each side spans over dry land, and that on the Kingston side has a road underneath.
Info: These two Victorian Grade II listed bridges, with a small island between them, replaced a ferry. The eastern girder bridge connects the island to Ham on the Surrey bank. Info: The only London Thames bridge from the 18th century still in use, Richmond Bridge is the oldest surviving Thames bridge in London. It is, therefore, Grade I listed — the highest level of preservation.
It is a ft Portland stone bridge with five arches that was built to replace a ferry crossing. It was widened in the s by an extra 11 feet, and you can see the join under the arches. Do notice the milestone obelisk on the Richmond side of the bridge. They provide employment support for wounded, sick and injured veterans.
I visited years ago, and it was a fascinating place. Richmond Park is also close. Interesting Fact: Before Tudor times, Richmond was known as Sheen a name still in use further from the river. He died in the Palace in , as did Queen Elizabeth I in , after spending much of her life in the palace.
She went hunting in what is now Richmond Park. Only the palace gatehouse survives. Info: Joseph Locke designed the original bridge with three foot cast-iron girders supported on stone-faced land arches with two stone-faced river piers. He also designed Barnes Railway Bridge and was ranked alongside Robert Stephenson and Isambard Kingdom Brunel as one of the major pioneers of railway development.
Info: This Grade II listed stone road bridge was built to relieve the pressure of traffic over Richmond Bridge as it was so old. It has three reinforced-concrete arches with Art Deco embellishments. Designed by the same architect as the old Wembley Stadium Maxwell Ayrton , the bridge incorporates three permanent hinges enabling the structure to adjust to changes in temperature; the first reinforced concrete bridge structure in the UK to use such an innovation.
Nearby: Twickenham Stadium , the home of England Rugby. Info: When the old London Bridge was demolished in , the removal of the palisades, constructed to protect the bridge, resulted in the tides on the Thames rising and falling far more rapidly than they had done.
This, along with dredging of the lower river, meant that for long periods the Thames at Twickenham and Richmond was little more than a stream running through mudbanks. Parliamentary approval was given in to build the half-lock and weir to maintain a navigable depth of water upstream of Richmond. Interesting Fact: This is the furthest downstream of all the Thames locks and is the only one owned and operated by the Port of London Authority.
Info: The first Kew Bridge was privately-built in when the area was popular with the royal family. A replacement was built beside it in and was, again, opened by George III. As traffic volume continued to increase, a third bridge was needed. John Wolfe-Barry was the architect of Tower Bridge. Nearby: The National Archives in Kew is an official government archive available to all for research. Interesting Fact: Strand on the Green Sailing Club has been under the north arch of the bridge since This reinforced concrete deck arch bridge links Chiswick and Mortlake.
It replaced a ferry service that was sufficient until the local populations grew in the 19th century with the arrival of the railways and increased car ownership.
While there are five arches, only two of them are over the river as the outer arches are over the towpaths. The bridge is feet long and carries two foot wide walkways and a foot wide road.
At the time it was built, the foot central span was the longest concrete span over the Thames. Nearby: Chiswick House and Gardens are very grand. The Beatles recorded the promo video for Paperback Writer in the gardens.
The first railway bridge here was cast iron and built in but was replaced with what we see today in It has three spans of wrought iron bow string girders. Nearby: On Gipsy Lane, there is a shrine to s pop star Marc Bolan at the site of his fatal car crash. Info: Currently closed because it is at risk of collapse , Hammersmith Bridge is an ornate Grade II listed steel and iron suspension bridge.
Without the funds available, the bridge will remain closed. It was built in to replace an earlier suspension bridge from Info: The first Putney Bridge was wooden and opened in These cables are tensioned to pull with a force of tons against the piers set into each bank.
The bridge was opened on 10th June with an organised walk for the Save the Children Fund. Tip: Wear comfortable shoes. Take an umbrella or a rain-proof jacket, just in case. Also, note the paintings or stickers that are on the floor of the bridge.
It was opened in There was an earlier bridge on the same site opened in , and it was originally known as Queen Street Bridge, as shown on the John Snow Map of London. The bridge was notable for having the longest cast iron span, 73 m, ever made. The bridge provides access to Upper Thames Street on the north bank and, due to the Ring of steel, there is no further access to the City and the north.
This has led to a reputation of it being the least used bridge in central London and it is sometimes known as the "car park bridge" as coach drivers use it to park their vehicles. The bridge was rebuilt but fell into disrepair when the Romans left. It was rebuilt in and again destroyed — this time by Prince Olaf in The Norman Bridge built in was destroyed in the London Tornado of King William II had it rebuilt but this time it was ravaged by fire in The stone bridge built in had a chapel dedicated to Thomas Becket in the centre and houses and shops were built along the bridge, making the passage for carts and wagons very narrow.
Fire destroyed the North end in and the South end in In the houses were removed from the bridge and a new bridge was built in This bridge was sold in to an American millionaire and transported piece by piece to be reassembled at Lake Havasu in Arizona.
The current bridge was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in You will find them in the Gothic vaults under the bridge. In the London Bridge Experience you will be led by actors through the history of the bridge. London Tombs takes place in an ancient plague pit and is very frightening. Image by burge on Wikimedia under Creative Commons License. It is close to the Tower of London, which gives it its name.
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